Television innovations in the Anglosphere

The BBC Television Service started its operations on November 2, 1936 as the first regular television service in the world.

In its first 13 years on a regular basis from 1936 to 1949 (except WWII), the BBC Television Service covered London and the Home Counties in the United Kingdom.

On July 1, 1941, just prior to Independence Day, both WNBT and WCBW-TV received a commercial license (the first two in the United States), with the earlier starting one hour earlier than the latter.

September 1, 1941 was when WPTZ got a commercial license, the first of its kind outside New York.

Nearly 6 months later, on February 26, 1942, WRGB got a commercial license, the second of its kind outside New York (and fourth overall).

During the US participation in WWII (from 1941 to 1945), WABD earned a commercial license.

The call letters for WABD stand for the namesake of its parent company DuMont Laboratories.

Just a year after WWII ended, WBKB earned a commercial license (the first in the post-WWII era).

For WBKB, receiving a commercial license made it the first outside the Eastern Time Zone (and sixth overall); it was also the first in the Central Time Zone.

Besides, the calls for WBKB stand for Balaban and Katz, run by Paramount Pictures Corporation.

Shortly after WBKB went commercial, WABD's new sister station WTTG, whose call letters stand for Thomas T. Goldsmith, a friend of its parent company's namesake, did the same.

KTLA won a commercial license, the first based west of the Mississippi River (and eighth overall).

Plus, KTLA was America's first television station not using the traditional W calls, doubling as the first located in the Pacific Time Zone.

Meanwhile, KSD-TV began as the second commercial television station in the US not using the W call letters, but also the second based west of the Mississippi River (and ninth overall).

As St. Louis, Missouri is based west of the Mississippi River, KSD-TV has innovations in television.

Still in the Midwestern US, Detroit and Cleveland WWJ-TV WEWS

Not long after, in April 1948, both KTVX and WTVR flickered to life.

Incidentally, KTVX was the first television station in the Mountain Time Zone, but also the first to be owned independently; WTVR was the first south of the nation's capital.

WDTV joined both WABD and WTTG in the DuMont-owned television group in January 1949.

The mid-January 1949 launch of WDTV also marked a milestone in the television industry: linking the Eastern and Midwestern stations via coaxial cable for the first time.

Due to the unique geographical location of its base, WDTV's coaxial cable link allowed stations in the Eastern and Midwestern regions to simultaneously air the same program, a trend still used.

Besides Balaban and Katz, which ran WBKB, Paramount ran a minority stake in DuMont, which also owned WABD, WTTG and WDTV, together with KTLA.

KCTY, which operated from June 6, 1953 to late-February 1954, served as the Kansas City, Missouri affiliate of the DuMont network, which also ran this station at the end of 1953.

Also in 1949, Paramount's movie theatre chain was spun-off into United Paramount Pictures (UPT).

Leonard Goldenson, who led Paramount's theatre chain since 1938, remained as the UPT President.

Moving across the pond, in December 1949, the BBC Television Service began expanding its coverage outside London and the Home Counties.

Maybelline

Maybelline is one of the world's greatest and most famous companies. Based in New York and held by L'Oréal, it has made girls/women look beautiful since its inception.

Since the early-1990's era, Maybelline has used the iconic and world-famous slogan: Maybe she's born with it. Maybe it's Maybelline.

Lynda Carter, who plays Wonder Woman, is one of the early faces representing Maybelline.

Christy Turlington, regarded as one of the most famous supermodels in fashion, is also one of the most famous models representing Maybelline.

Josie Maran also represents Maybelline.

Tia Texada is the voice of Maybelline New York for over fifteen years, during which her own sexy and sultry tone has made the Maybe it's Maybelline tagline one of the best in the advertising world.

During the Tia Texada era, Maybelline's iconic slogan had been divided into two parts.

For the first portion of the iconic and famous Maybelline slogan (Maybe she's born with it), it utilized a telephone effect, with its second portion (Maybe it's Maybelline) as a melodic musical jingle.

In addition to the iconic and famous Maybelline slogan, the telephone effect was also utilized to deliver action verbs and product names.

Also adding to the sexy voices during the Tia Texada era for Maybelline is the vocal fry.

Plus, an aspirate offset is used at the end of this famous Maybe it's Maybelline jingle to give it a sexy effect during the Tia Texada era.

Overall, during the Tia Texada era, the sonic branding for Maybelline New York is often described as a modern, sexy, sultry and intimate aesthetic.

Virginia Dare and Virginia Laydon

Virginia Dare is the first person to be born in the New World having English ancestry.

Besides, another female figure with Virginia as her given name, who is Virginia Laydon, is the second English-descented person born in the New World and the first born in Jamestown.

Having been born to English parents, who were part of Sir Walter Raleigh's exhibition to establish the Roanoke colony, Virginia Dare vanished, however, as well as the colony itself.

As for Jamestown, it won its survival, as did Virginia Laydon, who became a significant later figure in establishing the English-descented population in North America. 

The Roanoke colony is one of the failed attempts by Sir Walter Raleigh to establish the first permanent English settlement in North America.

Jamestown, conversely, is the first permanent English settlement in North America.

For Virginia Laydon's parents, they wed in Jamestown, the first recording English wedding to be taken place in this colony.

Coming to Vietnam in October 2024, I was with my grandma and my auntie. For 5 months, we lived together in Cua Ong, based at Cam Pha in Quang Ninh, Vietnam.

Huyen Duong (b. 1984), Vu Hue Anh (b. 1996) and Vu Thi Thu Thuy (b. 1985) are some of the good people I met the most while I was in Cua Ong.

Thanh (b. 1972) and Hanh (b. 1981) are also some of the good people I met while in Cua Ong.

Vu Thi Thu Thuy's favourite singer is Britney Spears.

Charisma, charm, beauty, sincerity, grace, youth, innocence, humour, vulnerability and sex appeal are some enduring qualities making Britney Spears an iconic sex symbol.

Some aspects which contribute to Britney Spears' sex appeal include her physical appearance and her voice (notably vocal fry).

Incidentally, Britney Spears has a singing voice with a soft tone.

Having been a young, sexy, beautiful, gorgeous and charismatic woman, Britney Spears is likewise a world-famous symbol of resilience for many girls/women around the world.

Furthermore, Britney Spears is also deeply loved and idolized by many, especially girls worldwide.

Many girls are attractive to Britney Spears for reasons beyond her sexy looks, her sexy voice and her sexy vocal fry register.

Unconfined to being a sex icon, Britney Spears is also a cultural icon for teens and young adults.

Britney Spears has a casual, even androgynous, look with midriff-baring tops and jeans.

In addition, Britney Spears uses flirtatious gestures, such as sticking out a tongue, licking/biting lips, doing a sexy and sultry gaze/stare and using a suggestive, slightly open-mouth pose.

Unconfined to dance-pop and teen pop, Britney Spears has also incorporated African-American music genres, like rhythm & blues, hip-hop and rap, despite being a white woman.

Baby, honey and darling are terms of endearment that are already being used by Marilyn Monroe, also popularized among younger generations by Britney Spears.

Through her music, Britney Spears uses "baby", "Oh, baby" and "Oh, baby, baby".

McComb, Mississippi is where Britney Spears was born, whilst Kentwood, Louisiana is where she was raised and spent most of her childhood.

Key idols for Britney Spears include Michael Jackson, Madonna and Janet Jackson.

Marilyn Monroe, in turn, is a key idol for Madonna.

Similarly, both Marilyn Monroe and Britney Spears have the name structure, with 7 letters in their first names and 6 in their last (13 overall), both being stage names.

Both Marilyn Monroe and Britney Spears are also pop culture icons who won fame and popularity at a young age and became sex icons, captivating both the public and media.

Furthermore, both Marilyn Monroe and Britney Spears are also blonde girls/women whose natural hair colour is brown, but also endure careers as actresses and singers.

Both Marilyn Monroe and Britney Spears also have casual looks with midriff-baring tops and jeans.

In addition, both Marilyn Monroe and Britney Spears also have pigtails, but with a difference.

Like her key idol Madonna, Britney Spears is deeply loved and admired by younger generations (teens and young adults).

Elizabeth "Betty" Hall is a woman being active in the 17th century, who is a common ancestor for both Marilyn Monroe and Britney Spears.

Plus, Britney Spears has a image based on Barbie, partly inspired by Marilyn Monroe, who is also an influence on Madonna, in turn, a key idol for Britney Spears herself.

Furthermore, both Marilyn Monroe and Britney Spears have struggles in their lives.

Both Michael Jackson and his sister Janet Jackson are also Britney Spears' idols.

During the last few months of 2024, Vu Thi Thu Thuy used long hair, but in the new year, and also to celebrate her fortieth birthday, she began to use blunt bangs.

For Vu Thi Thu Thuy, using blunt bangs offers a more modern, youthful and sexy vibe.

On March 6, 2025, while in Hanoi, my mother came to see me in the first time in a few months.

While in Hanoi, I listened to Goodbye Yellow Brick Road by Elton John, One of These Nights by The Eagles and Sara Smile by Hall and Oates on March 7, 2025.

For me, Goodbye Yellow Brick Road by Elton John is a fitting way to move out of a loud and chaotic place in Vietnam and go back to a quiet place in Canada later on March 14, 2025.

 

Not long after, on March 8, 2025, my mom and I travelled to Saigon/Ho Chi Minh City.

Plus, I visited Phu Tung Hop So, located next to both Galaxy Cinemas and McDonald's at Saigon's District 6, where I met Danny/Hieu (b. 1978) and Helen/Do Ha (b. 1985), on March 10, 2025.

My mom and I returned to Quang Ninh on March 11, 2025, reunited with my grandma.

Hien Bui (b. 1973) and Helen/Do Ha (b. 1985) are some of the people I met the most while I was in Saigon; both were born in the year of the Vietnamese zodiac Water Buffalo.

The Water Buffalo zodiac is different in name from the Chinese zodiac Ox.

Some of the girls.women  I met in Vietnam were born in a US presidential election/inauguration year, notably Hien Bui, Vu Thi Thu Thuy, Vu Hue Anh, Huyen Duong, Helen/Do Ha, Thanh and Hanh.

Contrasting to the other Vietnamese diaspora singers who stick with traditions, Lynda Trang Dai, Minh Tuyet and Nhu Loan bridge the gap between Vietnamese and global pop music.

Known as the Vietnamese Madonna, Lynda Trang Dai is one of the first singers among the Vietnamese diaspora to embrace a provocative attitude, like crop tops.

Incidentally, Marilyn Monroe is a key idol for Madonna, who, in turn, inspires Lynda Trang Dai.

For Lynda Trang Dai, she uses dance-pop, rock, rap and ballads.

Dance-pop songs, which come from parts of the Western world, including the United States, the United Kingdom and Germany, make up Lynda Trang Dai's song collection.

Whilst less globally recognized than both Marilyn Monroe and Madonna, Lynda Trang Dai is still an influential figure in the Vietnamese dance-pop scene.

The stage name for Lynda Trang Dai is derived from an actress who stars as Wonder Woman.

Earlier in her career, Lynda Trang Dai used her provocative stage presence, her racy costumes and her persona, breaking traditions for Vietnamese women.

Moving to Hong Kong and San Diego in 1978, and finally Orange County, Lynda Trang Dai had first encountered American culture, to which she was exposed.

Besides Thuy Nga, Lynda Trang Dai works with Asia Entertainment and Hollywood Night Music.

In addition to her singing work, Lynda Trang Dai is also a businesswoman.

Lynda Trang Dai, as a businesswoman, runs a sandwich shop, opened on New Year's Eve 2010.

Britney Spears serves as an influence on Minh Tuyet's modern high-energy stage performances, music videos, sexy choreography and sexy fashion.

For this purpose, Minh Tuyet is one of the first singers among the Vietnamese diaspora to embrace the Y2K trend that Britney Spears popularized.

Plus, Beyoncé serves as an influence on Minh Tuyet's modern high-energy stage performances, music videos, sexy choreography and sexy fashion.

From 1993 to 1997, in Vietnam, Minh Tuyet was paired with her sister Cam Ly.

During her work as a duo in Vietnam with Cam Ly, Minh Tuyet was a girl-next-door, having endured a modest style in both her image and her music, plus her initial struggles.

By relocating to the United States in 1997 (and by signing a deal with Thuy Nga in 2002), Minh Tuyet underwent a shift in her image and her music.

Having been exposed to American and world culture when she came to the United States in 1997, Minh Tuyet worked with Tinh, during which she adopted honey highlights and a modern wardrobe.

When Thuy Nga signed her in 2002, Minh Tuyet became sexier like Britney Spears and Beyoncé.

In 2009, after 12 years, Minh Tuyet made her return to Vietnam, having cultivated a sexier image in the United States that differed from her work as a duo in Vietnam with Cam Ly.

Aside from slow ballads, Minh Tuyet also embraces more upbeat and modern music genres, including rhythm & blues, dance-pop, hip-hop and rap.

For her upbeat tunes, Minh Tuyet incorporates the the Y2K trend, like crop tops, into her style and her music, drawing some comparisons to pop icons like Britney Spears.

Plus, for her ballads, Minh Tuyet uses traditional clothes, even with the Y2K trend, like crop tops.

Whilst less globally recognized than Marilyn Monroe, Madonna, Britney Spears and Beyoncé, Minh Tuyet is still influenced by Britney Spears and Beyoncé in both music and performance.

Minh Tuyet is the Vietnamese answer to either Britney Spears or Beyoncé.

Unconfined to being a singer, Nhu Loan is also a model.

Having relocated from Vietnam to the United States in the early-1990's and having been exposed to American culture, Nhu Loan's idol is Britney Spears.

Incidentally, Marilyn Monroe is a key idol for both Madonna and Britney Spears, both of whom inspire Lynda Trang Dai, Minh Tuyet and Nhu Loan.

Just like Minh Tuyet, Britney Spears serves as an influence on Nhu Loan's modern high-energy stage performances, music videos, sexy choreography and sexy fashion.

Plus, like Minh Tuyet, Nhu Loan is one of the first singers in the Vietnamese diaspora music scene to embrace the Y2K trend that Britney Spears popularized.

Whilst she has less global renown than Marilyn Monroe, Madonna, Britney Spears and Beyoncé, Nhu Loan is still influenced by Britney Spears in both music and performance.

Since their own relocations to the United States, their exposure to American culture and their work with Thuy Nga, Lynda Trang Dai, Minh Tuyet and Nhu Loan have adopted a sexy aesthetic.

For Lynda Trang Dai, Minh Tuyet and Nhu Loan, their Western-like aesthetics are sexy.

Randy Petersen, Kevin Quinn and Tim Heintz are Disney songwriters, creating songs for its television series and direct-to-video films.

Shanda Sawyer is a choreographer based in Los Angeles, having worked with some of the world's most famous icons in pop culture.

Disney is one of the clients with whom Shanda Sawyer has worked.

Besides Disney, the Randy Petersen, Kevin Quinn and Tim Heintz trio make songs for Thuy Nga.

Whilst at Thuy Nga, the trio comprising Randy Petersen, Kevin Quinn and Tim Heintz usually provide modern Western-style music arrangements and original compositions for Vietnamese artists.

This Western pop sound being honed at the Disney stable by the Randy Petersen, Kevin Quinn and Tim Heintz trio was used at Thuy Nga, modernizing the overseas Vietnamese pop music sound.

Plus, the Thuy Nga script logo is similar to the iconic and world-famous script logo for the Walt Disney Company, inspired by Walt Disney's signature in a stylized version.

In addition, Shanda Sawyer is also a key creative force behind Thuy Nga's Paris by Night.

As a choreographer, Shanda Sawyer helps Vietnamese musicians modernize their stage presence and connect with a global audience through Hollywood-style choreography and production.

Prior to Shanda Sawyer, Paris by Night's stage presence was static and vocal-focused, its fashion was formal and traditional, its choreography was ballroom/basic and its production was minimal.

However, Shanda Sawyer modernized PBN with key aspects.

Due to Shanda Sawyer, PBN's stage presence is highly-energetic, its fashion is Westernized, edgy and trendy, its choreography is jazz, hip-hop and theatrical and its production has elaborate props.

The contributions to modernizing Thuy Nga for Shanda Sawyer include dance steps and rebranding the stage among the Vietnamese diaspora.

For Shanda Sawyer, she brings the American big-stage feel to Thuy Nga, and introduces midriff-baring costumes, sleek choreography and backup dancers to Vietnamese diasporic music.

Plus, Shanda Sawyer's Thuy Nga work copies Western trends, but also integrates them into this famous Vietnamese diasporic music stage, making the performances feel modern and global.

Since its 24th edition (1993), its anniversary special, the first filmed outside Thuy Nga's original France base, the Randy Petersen, Kevin Quinn and Tim Heintz trio has made songs for Paris by Night.

The first Paris by Night program during the Shanda Sawyer era is Paris by Night - Made in Paris.

Noted Thuy Nga artists in collaboration with the Randy Petersen, Kevin Quinn and Tim Heintz trio are Lynda Trang Dai, Minh Tuyet, Nhu Loan and others.

In their upbeat songs, Lynda Trang Dai, Minh Tuyet and Nhu Loan work with Shanda Sawyer to be as sexy as they look and feel with their crop tops made by Madonna and Britney Spears.

Having been in the original 1950's version of the Mickey Mouse Club, Annette Funicello serves as the blueprint for the modern career path from Disney to a pop music star

For Annette Funicello, she has influenced Britney Spears, whose noted idol Madonna, in turn, is based upon Marilyn Monroe.

Altogether, Lynda Trang Dai, Minh Tuyet and Nhu Loan utilize influences like Madonna and Britney Spears, with Marilyn Monroe as an idol for the latter two pop music stars.

Like Cinderella (Disney), Marilyn Monroe, Madonna, Mariah Carey and Britney Spears, Lynda Trang Dai, Minh Tuyet and Nhu Loan follow the rags-to-riches story.

For Cinderella (Disney), she is a girl whose father's death made her a servant.

Meanwhile, Marilyn Monroe is a girl whose mother's mental health struggles led to her residing in both orphanages and foster homes.

On the other hand, Madonna is a girl whose mother's death made her banished and isolated.

Plus, Mariah Carey is a girl whose upbringing was lower-income and stormy.

Britney Spears is a girl with a modest background as a small-town girl in Louisiana.

Formerly in Vietnam, Lynda Trang Dai, Minh Tuyet and Nhu Loan are modest girls before their own relocations to the United States.

Like Cinderella (Disney), Marilyn Monroe, Madonna, Mariah Carey and Britney Spears, Lynda Trang Dai, Minh Tuyet and Nhu Loan embark on a makeover central to their legacies.

Having been a maid since her father's death, Cinderella (Disney) embarks on a makeover that the Fairy Godmother facilitates; her transformation is magical.

Marilyn Monroe's transformation into a global pop culture/sex/beauty icon serves as a carefully crafted studio revolution, with her brown hair being dyed blonde and her name being changed.

For Madonna, her transformation from an isolated girl into a global superstar began with her July 1978 relocation to New York, where her first years were marked by poverty and danger.

Plus, Mariah Carey's transformation from brunette to blonde makes her a global icon.

On the other hand, Britney Spears' transformation from brunette to blonde makes her a global icon.

Lynda Trang Dai's 1978 move, firstly to Hong Kong, and then the US, led to her transformaton from a modest girl in Vietnam into a sexy girl among the Vietnamese diaspora in the 1980's.

For Minh Tuyet, her 1997 move to the US led to a change from a modest singer in the domestic music scene in Vietnam into a sexy girl among the Vietnamese diaspora in the noughties.

Nhu Loan's move to the US in the early-1990's made her a sexy girl among the Vietnamese diaspora.

Just like Cinderella (Disney), Marilyn Monroe, Madonna and Britney Spears, Lynda Trang Dai, Minh Tuyet and Nhu Loan have a dramatic rise in social status.

Cinderella (Disney) becomes a princess, whereas Marilyn Monroe, Madonna, Britney Spears, Lynda Trang Dai, Minh Tuyet and Nhu Loan embrace sexuality.

Whereas Cinderella (Disney) is fictional, Marilyn Monroe, Madonna, Britney Spears, Lynda Trang Dai, Minh Tuyet and Nhu Loan have a real ascent from an obscure girl to a sex icon.

Plus, 1981 was when Britney Spears and Nhu Loan were born.

Similarly, both Britney Spears and Nhu Loan use the lower-back tattoo, plus midriff-baring or low-rise outfits.

Gimme Your Love Tonight, a song originally by Dutch singer Sandy Wilson, is Lynda Trang Dai's first English-language tune under Thuy Nga and its Paris by Night series.

Thomas Passmann-Engel produced Sandy Wilson's Gimme Your Love Tonight tune.

For Lynda Trang Dai, she has introduced high-energy, modern performances to Paris by Night, which, before her, was staid and stoic.

The first 3 Paris by Night editions focused almost exclusively on slow Vietnamese ballads and pre-war music catering to the first wave of refugees.

But with PBN 4, Lynda Trang Dai indicated a breakthrough: the first English performance overall.

Hay Vui Di Anh is Lynda Trang Dai's first song being recorded in the form of a live concert with an audience in attendance on Paris by Night 7 (1989).

Cold Hearted, originally by Paula Abdul, is by Lynda Trang Dai on Paris by Night 9.

So Sad is by Lynda Trang Dai on Paris by Night - Made in Paris, the first under Shanda Saywer.

Tim Heintz (who works with Randy Petersen and Kevin Quinn from Disney) does the arrangement for Lynda Trang Dai's So Sad tune.

On Thuy Nga's Paris by Night - Made in Paris, Lynda Trang Dai's So Sad version, which Tim Heintz arranges, has an Egyptian scenery with her using a blunt bang trend.

Holding Out for a Hero, originally performed by Bonnie Tyler and written by Jim Steinman and Dean Pitchford, is by Lynda Trang Dai on Paris by Night 38.

As in So Sad, Tim Heintz (who works with Randy Petersen and Kevin Quinn from Disney) does the arrangement for Lynda Trang Dai's Holding Out for a Hero version.

Khong 2 is by Lynda Trang Dai, Tommy Ngo and Bao Han on Paris by Night - Anh Den Mau.

Plus, on Paris by Night - Anh Den Mau, Flashdance... What a Feeling, originally sung by Irene Cara, which she co-wrote with Giorgio Moroder and Keith Forsey, is by Lynda Trang Dai.

Diamonds Are a Girl's Best Friend (a song made famous and popular by Marilyn Monroe in Gentlemen Prefer Blondes) is on Paris by Night - Den Ba, but with a modern, upbeat arrangement.

Lynda Trang Dai, whose idol Madonna is influenced by Marilyn Monroe, and Ky Duyen, who is PBN's female host, performs Diamonds Are a Girl's Best Friend.

Besides, Marilyn Monroe's Diamonds Are a Girl's Best Friend scene in Gentlemen Prefer Blondes also serves as the basis for the Material Girl music video for Madonna, who is Lynda Trang Dai's idol.

The Diamonds Are a Girl's Best Friend performance by Lynda Trang Dai is held in a city covering the Niagara Frontier, which is the main filming location for Marilyn Monroe's film Niagara.

In addition to Diamonds Are a Girl's Best Friend, Woman in Love, originally by Barbra Streisand, is by Lynda Trang Dai on Paris by Night - Den Ba.

Frozen and Holiday are Madonna songs, which Lynda Trang Dai cover, both on straight Paris by Night editions (filmed/released in 1998).

Space Invaders, originally by Hit'n'Hide and covered by Lynda Trang Dai and Tommy Ngo, features an MTV-like music video on Paris by Night - We Like to Party.

Mung Tan The Ky is a tune, part-English/part-Vietnamese, for the Vietnamese diaspora.

Written by Randy Petersen and Tim Heintz, both of whom usually collaborate with Kevin Quinn from Disney, Nhu Mung Tan The Ky is a celebration of the new century.

Khuc Lan does the Vietnamese lyrics for Mung Tan The Ky.

Tommy Ngo, who is Lynda Trang Dai's husband, is one of the featured singers for Mung Tan The Ky.

Paris by Night - Gia Tu The Ky (Farewell to the Century) has its grand finale by Lynda Trang Dai and Tommy Ngo, written by Song Ngoc, ending with champagne cracking open and a confetti.

Gotta Fight is by Lynda Trang Dai on Paris by Night 57.

On Paris by Night 57, Lynda Trang Dai's Gotta Fight has the scenery of a boxing match with dancers playing boxers.

He & She is by Lynda Trang Dai and Tommy Ngo on Paris by Night 60.

Radio Buon is by Lynda Trang Dai and Tommy Ngo on Paris by Night 61.

Tim Heintz (who works with Randy Petersen and Kevin Quinn from Disney) does the arrangement for Radio Buon by Lynda Trang Dai and Tommy Ngo.

Sky, originally by Sonique, which she co-wrote with Rick Nowels, is by Lynda Trang Dai and Tommy Ngo on Paris by Night 62. 

Loi Anh Hua and Xin Anh Hay Quen are by Lynda Trang Dai and Tommy Ngo on two Paris by Night editions (filmed/released in 2002).

Yeu Lam Chi?, written by Huynh Nhat Tan, is between Lynda Trang Dai and Tommy Ngo on Paris by Night - Dreams.

For Lynda Trang Dai, her Yeu Lam Chi? tune is a comeback on the PBN stage after an absence.

Khong Muon Yeu, by Huynh Nhat Tan, is by Lynda Trang Dai, Tommy Ngo and Bao Han on Paris by Night 98 - Fly with Us to Las Vegas.

Wrecking Ball, originally by Disney stalwart Miley Cyrus,

Trai Tim Lo Lam and Tham Goi Ten Anh are two of the slow tunes signifying the beginning of a new journey for Minh Tuyet under Thuy Nga and its Paris by Night series.

On two Paris by Night editions (filmed/released in 2002), Minh Tuyet performs Trai Tim Lo Lam and Tham Goi Ten Anh, both with her Britney Spears-like crop tops and with a soulful delivery.

Steve Chou, a Taiwanese musician, created Huang Hun, with its Vietnamese iteration called Tham Goi Ten Anh which Minh Tuyet covered, with Nhat Ngan doing Vietnamese lyrics.

Lam Sao Anh Biet? is Minh Tuyet's third Paris by Night performance, which is on its Nua Van Trang program, her first without her Britney Spears-like crop tops.

Minh Tuyet's own iteration of the Mua Thu Trong Mua song being created for Paris by Night - Thu Ca indicated a breakthrough in her PBN work: her first dance performance.

Tim Heintz (who works with Randy Petersen and Kevin Quinn from Disney) does the arrangement for Minh Tuyet's Mua Thu Trong Mua tune.

On Thuy Nga's Paris by Night - Thu Ca, Minh Tuyet's Mua Thu Trong Mua version, which Tim Heintz arranges, establishes her energetic and sexy dance style made à la Britney Spears.

Before Mua Thu Trong Mua, Minh Tuyet's Paris by Night performances are slow and soulful ones.

However, Minh Tuyet's Mua Thu Trong Mua is a departure from her vocal-focused ones on Thuy Nga's Paris by Night series in that she uses her sexy Britney Spears-like crop top/dances.

Anh Thi Khong is the Vietnamese version of Toi Jamais by Bulgarian-French singer Sylvie Vartan.

Minh Tuyet's Anh Thi Khong version is on Paris by Night 72, for whose performance she has her sexy Britney Spears-like crop top/dances.

Xuan Va Tuoi Tre is on Paris by Night - Xuan Tha Huong, for whose performance Minh Tuyet has her sexy Britney Spears-like crop top/dances.

Thoat Ly is on Paris by Night 78 - Duong Xua, for whose performance Minh Tuyet utilizes her sexy Britney Spears-like crop top/dances.

Da Khong Yeu Thi Thoi by Minh Tuyet, written by Hoai An, is on Paris by Night 81 - Music Without Borders 2, for whose performance Minh Tuyet has a sexy look and feel like Britney Spears.

Minh Mat Nhau Bao Gio and Dung Hua Voi Em are Minh Tuyet's upbeat songs, using her sexy Britney Spears-like crop top/dances, both on straight Paris by Night editions in the late-noughties.

For Minh Mat Nhau Bao Gio, Minh Tuyet uses her sexy Britney Spears-like crop top/dances.

Minh Tuyet's Minh Mat Nhau Bao Gio performance on Paris by Night - Duong Ve Que Huong is in the Southern United States, where her Western idols Britney Spears and Beyoncé were born in 1981.

Dung Hua Voi Em by Minh Tuyet is the opening act on Paris by Night 89 - In Korea.

By mixing rhythm & blues and dance elements with Thaifoon's English rap verses, Minh Tuyet's Dung Hua Voi Em tune, written by Huynh Nhat Tan, is sexy and soulful.

Like Minh Mat Nhau Bao Gio, Minh Tuyet utilizes her sexy Britney Spears-like crop top/dances for her Dung Hua Voi Em performance on Paris by Night 89 - In Korea.

Da Khong Con Hoi Tiec is on the Paris by Night silver anniversary celebration (for whose performance Minh Tuyet uses her sexy Britney Spears-like crop top/dances).

Hay Co Quen by Minh Tuyet is on Paris by Night 97 - Celebrity Dancing 2, for whose performance she utilizes her sexy dance style made à la Britney Spears and Beyoncé.

By mixing rhythm & blues and dance elements, Minh Tuyet's Hay Co Quen tune is a sexy one.

Tim Em Mai Thuoc Ve Anh by Minh Tuyet is on Paris by Night 99, for whose performance she has her sexy crop top à la Britney Spears and Beyoncé.

Paris, the namesake of the Paris by Night series, is where Lynda Trang Dai made her PBN debut.

Besides, Paris is where Minh Tuyet has her firsts for the Paris by Night series under the Thuy Nga label, notably in dances (Mua Thu Trong Mua) and overall (Trai Tim Lo Lam).

Incidentally, Britney Spears, who serves as an idol for both Minh Tuyet and Nhu Loan, has been in the Walt Disney ecosystem, especially through the 1990's version of the Mickey Mouse Club.

For Halloween 2020, Minh Tuyet recalls Britney Spears by using a blue flight attendant uniform being utilized in the music video for Toxic.

Often, Minh Tuyet has used Baby or Oh, baby as a vocal tag, borrowed from her primary idols Britney Spears and Beyoncé.

In a non-singing interview on Paris by Night 93 - Celebrity Dancing, Minh Tuyet delivered the English words: Oh, baby, you can do it.

Neu Anh La Em, featured on Chi Dep Dap Gio Re Song, has Minh Tuyet delivering the soulful English lyrics: Baby, baby, baby, listen to me.

Gone, Gone, Gone (also featured on Chi Dep Dap Gio Re Song) has Minh Tuyet delivering the English lyrics: "Oh, baby, tell me something I don't know" and "How it's gone?"

Ao Giac, in her first commercial release in Vietnam in many years, features Minh Tuyet beginning her section with her English ad-lib: "Baby."

Tinh Oi! by Bao Han is on Paris by Night - In San Jose, with Tim Heintz (who often works with Randy Petersen and Kevin Quinn from Disney) doing the arrangement

Can't Give You Up by Nhu Loan is an English-language tune for the Vietnamese diaspora.

Written by Randy Petersen and Tim Heintz, both of whom usually collaborate with Kevin Quinn from Disney, Nhu Loan's Can't Give You Up is on the Paris by Night - Nua Vang Trang program.

Unlike many foreign tunes covered in Vietnamese, Can't Give You Up by Nhu Loan is unique for Thuy Nga's Paris by Night series in that it is an original English-language piece.

For Can't Give You Up by Nhu Loan, the "Yeah" ad-lib used throughout this song resembles one in the Britney Spears tune Oops!... I Did It Again.

Plus, Nhu Loan's Can't Give You Up song has the polished synth production and aggressive percussion techniques that defined the Y2K teen pop era, notably by Max Martin for Britney Spears.

Using her sexy Britney Spears-like crop top/dances, Nhu Loan sings Can't Give You Up on the Paris by Night - Nua Vang Trang program.

Men Say Tinh Ai by Nhu Loan, which is the Vietnamese iteration of the Turkish tune Her Nerdeysen by Tarkan, is her official solo debut under Thuy Nga.

For her Men Say Tinh Ai performance, Nhu Loan uses her sexy Britney Spears-like crop top/dances.

Sunday Buon by both Bao Han and Nhu Loan features their sexy Britney Spears-like crop top/dances.

Ngại Nam Vẫn Đợi by Nhu Loan, which is the Vietnamese incarnation of the Japanese-language music tune, features Thaifoon's English rap verses.

Passion Remains is the English version of a Vietnamese tune, belonging to Nhu Loan.

Kevin Quinn (who works with Randy Petersen and Tim Heintz from Disney) did the English lyrics for Nhu Loan's Passion Remains tune.

In addition, Thanh Thao also sings some of the noted songs from Minh Tuyet, who is the Vietnamese answer to Britney Spears, like Da Khong Yeu Thi Thoi and Trai Tim Lo Lam.

For Thanh Thao, her cover version of the Britney Spears tune ...Baby One More Time is performed in Anaheim, which houses Disneyland, in the late-2010's.

What makes Thanh Thao's cover version of the Britney Spears tune ...Baby One More Time a suitable performance is the fact that Anaheim houses Disney, which gives the world Britney Spears.

On Paris by Night 73, a medley is by Loan Chau, Minh Tuyet and Nhu Loan.

What makes the medley for Paris by Night 73 a suitable tune is that both Minh Tuyet and Nhu Loan are inspired by Britney Spears.

Similarly, both Minh Tuyet and Nhu Loan use crop tops and low-rise fashion, the latter also utilizing a lower-back tattoo based upon Britney Spears.

Tim Ve Pho Xua is on Paris by Night - 20th Anniversary.

Noted singers in Tim Ve Pho Xua on Paris by Night - 20th Anniversary include Lynda Trang Dai and Minh Tuyet, both of whom, for the first time, are in this PBN stage together.

Paris by Night - Dreams features the finale with a song known as Khieu Vu Ben Nhau, the Vietnamese version of a French song by Dalida, with singers doing it all together.

Some of the notable singers in this Paris by Night - Dreams finale include Lynda Trang Dai and Minh Tuyet, both of whom are in this PBN stage together again.

Lynda Trang Dai and Minh Tuyet, both in Tim Ve Pho Xua and the Paris by Night - Dreams finale, are being compared to Madonna and Britney Spears, both in the duet Me Against the Music.

Marilyn Monroe is an idol for both Madonna and Britney Spears.

Take Our Time is by Bao Han, featuring Henry Chuc and Thaifoon, written by Tim Heintz (who works with Randy Petersen and Kevin Quinn from Disney).

Disney has given the world both Britney Spears and the Randy Petersen, Kevin Quinn and Tim Heintz music trio, influences on Minh Tuyet and Nhu Loan.

Some Tinh DVDs start with medleys which feature Minh Tuyet in a sexy Britney Spears-like crop top trend, starting with Tinh 10.

Ve Cuoi Duong Tinh is Minh Tuyet's cover version of Yuki Hsu's Can't Wait, with the rap verses being done in English by Gen One, similar to Yoo Seung-jun.

Xa Nhau, Ta Xa Nhau is Minh Tuyet's cover iteration of a foreign track, also with the rap verses being done in English by Gen One.

Using Britney Spears-like crop tops is sexy for Minh Tuyet in the MTV-like music videos for Ve Cuoi Duong Tinh and Xa Nhau, Ta Xa Nhau featuring Gen One.

Hay Hua Nghe Anh has an MTV-like music video in Minh Tuyet's Mo Nhung Ngay Nang Len.

In the Hay Hua Nghe Anh music video, Minh Tuyet is sexy for using her Britney Spears-like crop top trend, but also has actors playing rock band members.

Mo Nhung Ngay Nang Len has an MTV-like music video, also in Minh Tuyet's Mo Nhung Ngay Nang Len DVD, in which she appears with wet hair in a sexy way.

Anh Da Ra Di is Minh Tuyet's cover iteration of the one by Ho Ngoc Ha for her 2005 album Va Em Da Yeu, both written by Duc Tri.

With its sad lyrics recalling heartbreak and departure, Anh Da Ra Di, written by Duc Tri, and originally sung by Ho Ngoc Ha and covered by Minh Tuyet, conversely has an upbeat tone and a rap section.

Rhythm & blues and dance-pop elements are incorporated in the upbeat tone and rap section of the Anh Da Ra Di tune, written by Duc Tri, and sung by both Ho Ngoc Ha and Minh Tuyet.

Like the Hay Hua Nghe Anh video, Minh Tuyet is sexy for her Britney Spears-like crop top trend in the MTV-like music video for her Anh Da Ra Di version (originally sung by Ho Ngoc Ha).

The sexy MTV-like music video for Anh Da Ra Di by Minh Tuyet is set in a mine.

Plus, the MTV-like music video for Ngại Nam Vẫn Đợi by Nhu Loan featuring Thaifoon is sexy for her Britney Spears-like crop top trend.

Viennie V, an American singer having Vietnamese ancestry, has some of her noted influences, including Madonna and Britney Spears, the latter being an influence on her music videos and choreography.

5 Alarm by Viennie V has a music video making references to Britney Spears' Till the World Ends.

Thinking of You by Viennie V has a music video that makes references to Britney Spears' ...Baby One More Time.

On April 1, 2024, which was Easter Monday, my parents and I went to the Dominican Republic, along with our friends, for a week-long vacation.

The second day of April 2024 was when me, my parents and their friends were photographed, but also swam around the pool.

My parents, our friends and I went out to celebrate a wedding anniversary on the third day of April.

On the fourth and fifth days of April 2024, me, my parents and our friends danced around.

April 6, 2024 was when my parents and I went to Santo Domingo, along with our friends.

With the eighth day of April being the day of the solar eclipse, my parents and I went back to Canada, together with our friends.

I came to my parent's own country Vietnam in May 2022, my first visit there in 11 years. My visit to Vietnam also came in 2005 and two years later.

The provinces I've been to are Hung Yen and Quang Ninh, both in the Northern portion of Vietnam.

Phu Cu was my first stop during my trip to Vietnam in 2022.

At Cua Ong, based at Cam Pha in Quang Ninh, I met Vu Thi Thu Thuy (b. 1985).

Vu Thi Thu Thuy's favourite singer is Britney Spears.

Charisma, charm, beauty, sincerity, grace, youth, innocence, humour, vulnerability and sex appeal are some enduring qualities making Britney Spears an iconic sex symbol.

Some aspects which contribute to Britney Spears' sex appeal include her physical appearance and her voice (notably vocal fry).

Incidentally, Britney Spears has a singing voice with a soft tone.

Having been a young, sexy, beautiful, gorgeous and charismatic woman, Britney Spears is likewise a world-famous symbol of resilience for many girls/women around the world.

Furthermore, Britney Spears is also deeply loved and idolized by many, especially girls worldwide.

Many girls are attractive to Britney Spears for reasons beyond her sexy looks, her sexy voice and her sexy vocal fry register.

Unconfined to being a sex icon, Britney Spears is also a cultural icon for teens and young adults.

Britney Spears has a casual, even androgynous, look with midriff-baring tops and jeans.

In addition, Britney Spears uses flirtatious gestures, such as sticking out a tongue, licking/biting lips, doing a sexy and sultry gaze/stare and using a suggestive, slightly open-mouth pose.

Unconfined to dance-pop and teen pop, Britney Spears has also incorporated African-American music genres, like rhythm & blues, hip-hop and rap, despite being a white woman.

Baby, honey and darling are terms of endearment that are already being used by Marilyn Monroe, also popularized among younger generations by Britney Spears.

Through her music, Britney Spears uses "baby", "Oh, baby" and "Oh, baby, baby".

McComb, Mississippi is where Britney Spears was born, whilst Kentwood, Louisiana is where she was raised and spent most of her childhood.

Key idols for Britney Spears include Michael Jackson, Madonna and Janet Jackson.

Marilyn Monroe, in turn, is a key idol for Madonna.

Similarly, both Marilyn Monroe and Britney Spears have the name structure, with 7 letters in their first names and 6 in their last (13 overall), both being stage names.

Both Marilyn Monroe and Britney Spears are also pop culture icons who won fame and popularity at a young age and became sex icons, captivating both the public and media.

Furthermore, both Marilyn Monroe and Britney Spears are also blonde girls/women whose natural hair colour is brown, but also endure careers as actresses and singers.

Both Marilyn Monroe and Britney Spears also have casual looks with midriff-baring tops and jeans.

In addition, both Marilyn Monroe and Britney Spears also have pigtails, but with a difference.

Like her key idol Madonna, Britney Spears is deeply loved and admired by younger generations (teens and young adults).

Elizabeth "Betty" Hall is a woman being active in the 17th century, who is a common ancestor for both Marilyn Monroe and Britney Spears.

Plus, Britney Spears has a image based on Barbie, partly inspired by Marilyn Monroe, who is also an influence on Madonna, in turn, a key idol for Britney Spears herself.

Furthermore, both Marilyn Monroe and Britney Spears have struggles in their lives.

Both Michael Jackson and his sister Janet Jackson are also Britney Spears' idols.

Plus, I went to Ho Chi Minh City/Saigon, which is the most populous city of Vietnam, doubling as the former capital city of South Vietnam, as a present for my 26th birthday on May 30, 2022.

While in Saigon, my parents and I lived briefly at Happy Hotel 2 at District 10 until June 2, when after dinner at Yeebo restaurant at District 7, we went to OYO An Binh Hotel, also at District 7.

Located next to 81 Tran Trong Cung at District 7 in Saigon, An Binh is better than Happy Hotel 2.

Plus, my parents and I went to Yersin International Clinic at District 3 in Saigon to check inside my stomach on June 2.

The next day, on June 3, my parents and I went to Cardiff Diabetes Centre.

Located at at District 2 in Saigon, Cardiff is below Top Vision and European Eye Centre.

While there, my parents and I visited a doctor at Cardiff talking about a stomach check-up.

On the morning of June 4, when I woke up at OYO An Binh Hotel, my mom left Vietnam to return to Vancouver.

Even though I missed my mom, I still had a chance to be with my father in Vietnam.

My dad and I moved to Hai Minh, located at Saigon's District 7, on June 6 until June 17, and again six days later until July 6.

Hai Minh is the place my parents and I lived on May 31.

Plus, I visited Phu Tung Hop So, located next to both Galaxy Cinemas and McDonald's at Saigon's District 6, where I met Hieu (b. 1978) and Helen/Do Ha (b. 1985).

During my visit to Saigon, I took photos of things related to New Zealand.

New Zealand is a friend, ally and partner to Vietnam, as well as the United States, Germany, etc.

Television in Australia

For years, many television stations based in the First World have high production values.

Plus, television stations in some neutral nations use the same values as the Western Bloc.

Global television stations have been influenced for years by public and private television broadcasters hailing from core Anglosphere nations, Latin America and mainland Europe.

In the Australian television scene, public and commercial networks have maintained their on-air looks similar to their First World counterparts, ever since it arrived in the mid-1950's era.

For the three main metro-based television networks in Australia, they have often borrowed their on-air looks from the US-based Big Three networks since their debuts, even in colour and digital.

The Nine Network (or Channel Nine), for example, uses the Still the One slogan, which hails from the campaign being used by ABC (US) for 2 non-straight seasons, starting in the 1977-1978 season.

Nine's news service also used the rotating striped globe, made by Cranston/Csuri for ABC News (US), since 1984.

Plus, Nine maintains long-term programming and stylistic similarities to CBS (US).

From 1989 to the turn of the 21st century, the Seven Network used its iteration of the Circle 7, closely based on one used by WJLA-TV from 1975 to 2001.

Seven also has a close relationship with NBC (US), often sharing news resources and promo styles.

On the other hand, Network Ten is owned by Paramount Global, which also owns CBS; this corporate alignment means on-air styles and content being more closely integrated.

The national television service of the unrelated ABC (which is the BBC's Australian answer) has used a distinctive, high-end, sophisticated and professional on-air look since its mid-1950's debut.

Whilst Australia's three metropolitan-based television networks have borrowed many elements from the US-based Big Three networks since their debuts, the ABC has had its own, like the BBC.

In the 1950's decade, newspaper groups that have controlled commercial television in Australia used an advertising model based on America's Big Three networks, in contrast to the BBC model.

Making the switch to PAL colour allowed commercial television outlets in Australia to better align with worldwide visuals.

For PAL, this means the adoption of glossy American graphics and promos in Australia was smooth.

Australia's metro places have three commercial television channels, plus the ABC and SBS.

Regional television stations in Australia operated under the solus system, where most viewers provided access to one local commercial station, plus the ABC and later SBS.

Under the solus system, commercial television stations in Australia's rural/regional places were fiercely independent and were not affiliated with any metro-based network.

This solus system meant allowing Australia's rural/regional television outlets to offer programs from all metro-based networks, as well as local programs.

During the era of the solus system, regional television in Australia endured a localized and independent approach (unique logos, locally-produced programs and low-budget presentation).

With aggregation, regional television in Australia became equal to their metropolitan counterparts.

For the solus system, it means that television stations located in Australia's rural/regional places have a basic and archaic look.

However, aggregation means using the high-gloss and metro-based look for Australia's regional areas.

Conversely, aggregation in Australia's regional television scene leads to a decline in localism.

Southern New South Wales is the first region in Australia to have this television industry be affected by aggregation, which came in late-March 1989.

Queensland is the second Australian region to have television be affected by aggregation on New Year's Eve 1990.

Northern New South Wales, Victoria and Tasmania come around in the early-to-mid-1990's.

Western Australia, South Australia and the Northern Territory are the Australian regions not to have television be affected by aggregation.

Both in metro and rural/regional markets, the television service of the unrelated ABC (Australia) has a unified Lissajous logo since the mid-1960's, unaffected by colour and aggregation.

Stations of the unrelated ABC (Australia) have bben identified by their unique calls.

This aggregation process was made possible through the Aussat system, which was the first domestic communications satellite system in Australia.

With its first two satellites launched in 1985 via NASA's Space Shuttle, plus a third one by an Ariane rocket, Aussat changed telecommunications down under.

Australia's aggregation model is studied and referenced by other countries seeking to modernize their television landscapes in a Western-like approach after the end of the Cold War.

Some of the regions seeking to modernize television in a Western-like approach in the post-Cold War period include the Eastern Bloc, the Arab world and South and Southeast Asia.

Besides, Australia's regional TV aggregation model recalls America's cable television channels, which started on a low-budget and regional basis, then scaled nationally via satellite.

Noted US cable channels recalling Australia's regional television scene in this post-aggregation period include HBO, TBS and CBN.

Incidentally, both HBO and TBS are cable TV pioneers being held by TimeWarner, the latter of which spawned its sisters like CNN, the first 24-hour television news in the world.

Glasnost and perestroika, which are policies that Mikhail Gorbachev spearheaded, led many television services in the Eastern Bloc to be modernized, along with Solidarity, led by Lech Walesa.

The first Gulf War, as covered by CNN, modernized the technology and speed of television journalism around the world, moving towards continuous, live 24-hour news reports.

Metro television stations in Australia has operated with high production values for years.

Rural/regional television outlets in Australia has operated with fewer resources than metro ones before aggregation.

Since March 1989, aggregation for Australian TV has bridged the gap between metro-based networks (professional, glossy, high-end) and regional stations (under-resourced) in graphics and visuals.

With apologies to one of Aesop's Fables, before the aggregation process, the metro television scene in Australia was the fast-paced hare, whereas regional television was the slow-paced tortoise.

Plus, with apologies to the Cinderella fairy tale, before aggregation, Australia's metro television scene served as a beautiful princess; regional TV served as a banished and isolated servant.

Aggregation, with apologies to the Cinderella fairy tale, was the Fairy Godmother that turned regional television in Australia from an isolated area into a princess-like one in graphics and visuals.

In addition, the glass slipper being fitted by the regional TV princess wearing a ball gown to marry the charming metro TV prince in Australia (both in graphics and visuals) was aggregation.

Using the aggregation process that was initiated in March 1989, with apologies to Cinderella, regional television in Australia has been transformed from a pumpkin into a carriage.

Locally-produced programs in Australia's regional television scene, conversely, were cancelled, which meant that, with apologies to Cinderella, the stroke of midnight caused the return to rags.

Furthermore, aggregation, with apologies to one of Aesop's Fables, also forced the regional television tortoise in Australia to run at the same speed as the metro hare in both technology and content.

Southern New South Wales is the first region in Australia to have this television industry be affected by Cinderella-like aggregation.

WIN Television, Prime Television and Southern Cross are the three television networks in Australia's regional areas.

For 17 years, since its 1989 aggregation, the logo for WIN Television had been a variation of the Nine Network logo, with a WIN text replacing a 9 numeral besides the 9 dots arranged in a 3x3 grid.

Plus, the font that WIN Television used in its 1989 logo is TW Cen MT Condensed Extra Bold.

Prime Television's first logo since its 1989 aggregation was one being coloured in green (featuring the word prime with the letter i dotted with a stylized globe).

In 1990, a new circular logo was introduced for Prime Television

The circular logo introduced in 1990 for Prime Television doubled as its television logo from 1990 to 1996, whereas its green, globe-dotted logo was its secondary one from 1990 to 1996.