News music

News music features the rhythm of a teletype machine or Morse code, together with two of the loudest instrumental groups in the Western orchestra: brass and percussion.

During the 20th century, teletypes and Morse code are major methods being used to transmit news and information, especially in newsrooms before computers and telephones become widespread.

The trend of having music being sourced from films as news themes was Al Primo's innovation, which effectively took news music to a cinematic level.

Many modern news music packages incorporate music techniques frequently utilized in film scores to enhance the emotional impact and storytelling of the news.

The Tar Sequence, an orchestral music cue from the late-1960's prison drama film Cool Hand Luke by Lalo Schifrin, is one of the cues specifically used through newscasts.

For Cool Hand Luke: The Tar Sequence, what makes it a fitting music cue for newscasts, in particular television news, is a staccato rhythm resembling the teletype.

WABC-TV is the first television station in the world to use Cool Hand Luke: The Tar Sequence as the Eyewitness News theme when Al Primo arrived in the late-1960's or before 1969.

Just before Cool Hand Luke: The Tar Sequence was adopted for the WABC-TV version of Eyewitness News, television news music typically comprised traditional orchestral mus.

Plus, the teletype and Morse code were simple news sounders with no music to play in.

Incidentally, before Cool Hand Luke: The Tar Sequence, neutral orchestral music, plus the teletype and Morse code, lacked the dynamic music energy and emotional resonance of a full orchestral theme.

With Cool Hand Luke: The Tar Sequence, it blends the teletype-like melody with traditional cinematic orchestral music, pop and jazz to pioneer the modern news music sound.

Many television assets have either used Cool Hand Luke: The Tar Sequence or created their own news packages mirroring its modern cinematic sound.

In order to make its sound fitting for newscasts, Al Primo selected and edited Cool Hand Luke: The Tar Sequence as the theme tune for Eyewitness News, removing its non-news elements.

The elements in Cool Hand Luke: The Tar Sequence is adopted and adapted in modern news themes.

Lalo Schifrin, who has roots in Western classical music, jazz and pop, made Cool Hand Luke: The Tar Sequence the quintessential news theme.

With his father (a violinist) as the concertmaster of the Philharmonic Orchestra of Buenos Aires, Lalo Schifrin began classical traning with his piano studies at age 6.

As a teenager, Lalo Schifrin discovered jazz through smuggled records, and in the mid-1950's, he met bebop legend Dizzy Gillespie.

In 1960, Lalo Schifrin moved to New York to serve as Dizzy Gillespie's music director and pianist.

Plus, Lalo Schifrin studied at the Paris Conservatorie under masters like Olivier Messiaen.

During his stay in Paris, Lalo Schifrin also developed an interest in African drumming and modern pop music.

Having performed with the late Astor Piazzolla in the 1950's, Lalo Schifrin even incorporated pop and Latin American elements, specifically tango.

The score for Cool Hand Luke by Lalo Schifrin blends Southern Americana with minimalist themes.

Cool Hand Luke: The Tar Sequence, which Lalo Schifrin created, has become more famous as a news theme than for its original cinematic context.

From the late-1960's to the early-1990's, Cool Hand Luke: The Tar Sequence had been the Eyewitness News theme tune, mainly used in its edited form by ABC stations.

In the 1980's, Frank Gari updated Cool Hand Luke: The Tar Sequence into News Series 2000.

Whereas previous news themes that were created by Frank Gari featured accompanying vocal-driven promotional campaigns, News Series 2000 (CHL's updated version) broke from tradition.

Beyond the US, Cool Hand Luke: The Tar Sequence is also used in both Canada and Australia.

From 1969 to 1986, CFCF used Cool Hand Luke: The Tar Sequence as the theme tune for Pulse.

In Australia, since 1977, Cool Hand Luke: The Tar Sequence has been known as the iconic and famous news theme for National Nine News.

Aujourd'hui C'est Toi from A Man and a Woman by Francis Lai (in its instrumental iteration) is also utilized through newscasts and current affairs.

In the UK, the BBC's Panorama, which is the longest-running television current affairs program in the world, uses an adaptation of Francis Lai's Aujourd'hui C'est Toi as its theme tune.

For Francis Lai's Aujourd'hui C'est Toi piece, what makes it a fitting one for both television news and current affairs is its timpani drums, its strings and its French flavour.

The use of timpani drums in Francis Lai's Aujourd'hui C'est Toi piece can convey drama, urgency and importance, all being suited qualities for a news and current affairs program.

Strings in Francis Lai's Aujourd'hui C'est Toi piece convey gravity and significance.

Move Closer to Your World is an iconic and famous television news music package that is based on a jingle and still used by WPVI-TV and WNEP-TV.

Before MCTYW, The Action News Theme was the first theme used for the Action News format.

Tom Sellers, who was a student of Temple University, which likewise has his fellow classmates and students Daryl Hall and John Oates (Hall and Oates), wrote The Action News Theme.

Al Ham, who was a session musician in pop music, wrote Move Closer to Your World.

Similarly, both Tom Sellers' The Action News Theme and Al Ham's Move Closer to Your World are centered around a trumpet lead and a timpani-driven finish; they also play in the same key.

Plus, both The Action News Theme and Move Closer to Your World have a soul-pop sound.

The first station to use Move Closer to Your World is WNAC-TV, which is one of the first television stations in the United States to use a jingle-based news music package as well.

For years, WPVI-TV and WNEP-TV, both of which are ABC stations in Pennsylvania, have used Move Closer to Your World, doubling as the only US stations to use this music package.

WPXI, though not an ABC station, is another Pennsylvania station using Move Closer to Your World.

Outside Pennsylvania, WKBW-TV, a former sister station of WPVI-TV, notably used Move Closer to Your World, as did other Capital Cities/ABC stations like WTVD, WTNH, KTRK and KFSN.

Fast Action, composed for the De Wolfe label and performed by the Laurence Stephen Orchestra, is a stock music cue notably being used for television news.

What makes Fast Action, composed for De Wolfe Music, a fitting music cue for television news is its dynamic and urgent sound, punctuated by brass and strings.

Good Evening Mr. & Mrs. America & All the Ships, performed by Tom Scott & the L.A. Express, is a music cue fittingly being used for television news, which pays tribute to Walter Winchell.

What makes the music tribute to Walter Winchell called Good Evening Mr. & Mrs. America & All the Ships by Tom Scott and the L.A. Express a fitting news cue is that it has a teletype melody.

The Awakening, written for the KPM label in the late-1960's by Johnny Pearson, is a stock music cue notably used for News at Ten (ITV) and, since the mid-1990's, other ITN newscasts.

By employing a brass and string section, snare drums and orchestral percussion, Johnny Pearson's The Awakening piece for KPM creates a powerful and serious mood for newscasts.

Famously, the Big Ben chimes is heard to punctuate the headlines for News at Ten (ITV) and others.

Non-Stop, a music composition by Malcolm Batt (John Malcolm), is the first news theme for ITN.

Initially made as a piano piece as a teenager, John Malcolm's Non-Stop composition was accepted by Francis, Day and Hunter and made in an orchestral arrangement by Ivor Slaney.

With Ivor Slaney's orchestral arrangement being conducted by Georges Devereaux, and performed by L'Orchestre Devereaux, John Malcolm's Non-Stop was by ITN from the 1950's to the 1980's.

Belgium and Switzerland are nations where John Malcolm's Non-Stop cue was reportedly recorded.

For ITN, the Non-Stop music piece by John Malcolm uses a cheery and upbeat sound, which offers a stylistic contrast to the more serious tone of the BBC's news music sound.

In the late-1960's, Johnny Pearson's more dramatic The Awakening cue meant that Non-Stop by John Malcolm was limited to shorter and weekend newscasts for ITN.

However, the Falklands War led to John Malcolm's Non-Stop being unused as a main ITN theme.

Removing Non-Stop, in the wake of the Falklands War, meant that many ITN news themes use a more serious sound, though Non-Stop was used occassionally.

Score Productions, based in New York and founded by Bob Israel, has been responsible for the music packages being made for both ABC News and ABC Sports under Roone Arledge.

Edd Kalehoff, who is a freelancer at Score Productions, is the go-to man for ABC music.

VideoHelper, a music company co-led by former ABC News promo producer Stewart Winter, likewise creates music for ABC News.

Joseph Saba, who was a major label artist, usually works with Stewart Winter at VideoHelper.

DreamArtists Studios, founded by Matthew Kajcienski, is also responsible for the ABC News music.

From its July 10, 1978 debut to March 1980, World News Tonight had a teletype theme tune, made for ABC News by Score Productions, innovative for Moog synthesizers on network television.

Later, an orchestral incarnation of the Moog-based teletype theme tune, made for ABC News by Score Productions, was used for World News Tonight until 1990.

A remixed incarnation of the orchestral version of the Moog-based teletype theme tune, made for ABC News by Score Productions, was used from 1990 to 1996.

Edd Kalehoff created his own World News Tonight theme tune in 1996, and revived the 1978 theme in January 1998, at the turn of the 21st century until the early-2010's and in 2020 in three remixes.

The 4-note fanfare, created for World News Tonight by Score Productions, has been rearranged and reintroduced, becoming a sonic signature for ABC News.

VideoHelper and DreamArtists Music also created other themes for ABC News.

Score Productions also did music for the Satellite News Channel, which ABC co-owned.

The title track from The Electric Horseman, an orchestral music cue by Dave Grusin, is used through newscasts and current affairs programs worldwide.

Mixing orchestral elements with disco, the title track from The Electric Horseman has a dramatic and sweeping sound.

Dave Grusin, who, like Lalo Schifrin, worked with Quincy Jones, also composed Montage.

What makes Dave Grusin's Montage cue a fitting newscast theme is a staccato melody resembling the teletype.

Classical Gas by Mason Williams is one of the pop music tunes also being used through newscasts.

For Classical Gas, what makes it a fitting music piece for newscasts, in particular television news, is a distinctive and unique classical and pop combination, its driving rhythm and its upbeat feel.

Like Move Closer to Your World, Classical Gas is being used for Action News.

Fool's Overture by Supertramp is one of the pop music tunes also being used through current affairs programs.

CTV's W5 notably used a synth-heavy instrumental portion of Fool's Overture by Supertramp.

Dancing in the Stars by Mannheim Steamroller is likewise a pop music piece also being used through newscasts.

What makes Mannheim Steamroller's Dancing in the Stars a fitting music cue for television news is a combination of pop and orchestral elements.

The Mission is an orchestral suite, composed by world-famous Hollywood film music composer John Williams as a television news music package for NBC News.

Having consisted of four movements, The Mission altered the news music sound by moving from the conventional fanfare-based themes towards a symphonic and nuanced approach.

Bill "Troll" Tullis served as the music director for Turner Broadcasting System, doubling as one of the voices for SuperStation WTBS, CNN and CNN Headline News.

During the 1980's, CNN used stock music cues from many labels, including De Wolfe, KPM, Bruton, Sonoton, Killer Tracks, FirstCom, Atmosphere, Match, Parry, Omni, etc.

Plus, during the 1980's, CNN created custom music for its station identifications.

In 1990, its 10th year, and with the imminent Gulf War, CNN contracted Score Productions to create custom music.

For Score Productions, it had already done music for CNN Headline News, since its merger with the defunct Satellite News Channel, for which Score Productions already did music.

The music cues being created for CNN by Score Productions are also utilized in the Turner Broadcast Music Library by Sound Ideas

Besides Turner, Sound Ideas formerly distributed De Wolfe Music and Beatbox Music in Canada.

During the Cold War, television news music themes in the Eastern Bloc sounded neutral.

With Mikhail Gorbachev's reforms (glasnost/perestroika), television news music themes in the Eastern Bloc began adopting a more modern uniform Western-influenced sound.

Meanwhile, in both mainland China and Vietnam, many news music themes utilize a modern Western sound, whereas some others sound traditional.

Some Chinese composers also do television news music in a modern Western sound.

For Dave Garroway, his television programs, including Garroway at Large and Today, have developed many innovations that reshaped television.

Dave Garroway's relaxed style, which had its roots in radio, was adapted for television.

Plus, the first studio ever built for Today (NBC) from the RCA Exhibition Hall had influenced modern broadcast design, like the newsroom and the windowed concept in downtown cores.

WBBM-TV pioneered the concept of delivering the newscasts from the newsroom on a regular basis in early-1973.

KCBS-TV followed WBBM-TV's example in 1973.

Starting in 1973, both WBBM-TV and KCBS-TV used the newsroom-as-set trends, the earlier lasting longer than KCBS-TV.

McClurg Court, a rink, became a television studio in the mid-1950's, but also a testing ground for the regular newsroom-as-set trend that WBBM-TV had pioneered in 1973 until the early-1990's.

Columbia Square, a radio studio, also housed the KCBS-TV newsroom studio based on WBBM-TV.

Just before its half-hour expansion, Walter Cronkite and the News used an isolated soundstage.

During the Walter Cronkite era, the CBS Evening News used the studio with a fishbowl-like desk, the newsroom and a world map.

In the late-1960's, a chroma key backdrop was added, replaced by a box over the shoulder in 1977.

Studio 33 at the CBS Broadcast Centre served as a testing ground for the Walter Cronkite-era studio set being used for the CBS Evening News until 1986, when it moved 14 studio numbers up.

The Graybar Building, adjoining Grand Central, was the testing ground for the CBS Evening News, the first half-hour evening newscast on network television.

In 1981, after Dan Rather took over the anchor position, the studio set used by Walter Cronkite for the CBS Evening News at Studio 33 was revamped with a world map backdrop.

After moving 14 studios up from 33 in August 1986, the CBS Evening News set was revamped with a world map backdrop recoloured and a deeper blue background.

For the 1990 midterm elections, the CBS Evening News introduced the newsroom-as-set trend, which became permanent during the Gulf War and was revamped in 1996 by BDI.

NBC innovated a futuristic, space-age, multi-monitor control room-like studio set for NewsCenter.

Ever since its inception in 1974, elements of the futuristic, space-age, multi-monitor control room-like studio set for NBC's NewsCenter concept have been used.

Roone Arledge turned ABC News around in 1978 with many aspects.

Firstly, Roone Arledge implemented the multi-city news format, notably used by the Huntley-Brinkley Report on NBC, in turn, based on WSAZ, for ABC's World News Tonight.

Second, Roone Arledge used star anchors, modern production and serious journalism, all by ABC.

Before Roone Arledge turned around the ailing ABC News, both NBC and CBS have maintained more traditional formats in their news presentation, while not entirely plain.

Under Roone Arledge, ABC News used newsroom-as-set trends across the US and the world.

Global, which began its operations in January 1974 as a regional network, with CIII-TV as its flagship station, broke from tradition by using the newsroom-as-set trend, the first of its kind in Canada.

Upon its launch in January 1974, Global used a news studio using elements of the Walter Cronkite-era studio set of the CBS Evening News, including a fishbowl-like desk and a world map backdrop.

81 Barber Greene Road, a factory, became a television studio in 1974, but also a testing ground for the newsroom studio combo for Global, which lasted until 1998.

Also in Canada, BCTV (CHAN-TV) used the newsroom-as-set trend being synonymous with the Tony Parsons era, lasting from 1975 until September 20, 2010, nine months after his last News Hour.

Enterprise Street, which is located in the Lake City Industrial Park, housed a purpose-built building for BCTV, and served as a testing ground for its own innovative newsroom-as-set trend.

While some other television stations used converted studios as testing grounds for the newsroom-as-set trends, BCTV used a more innovative and purpose-built one.

For Expo 86, BCTV operated a broadcast pavilion, further emphasizing this newsroom-as-set trend.

During its first 30 years, CNN had used the newsroom as a studio backdrop from its two main hubs in Atlanta.

Just before CNN's June 1980 debut, co-founders Ted Turner and Reese Schonfeld were trying to find a model for the newsroom backdrop being used for its first studio set.

Some of the local television stations in North America, like WBBM-TV, were early testing grounds for CNN's first studio set, doubling as its innovative newsroom-as-set trend.

BCTV (CHAN-TV), which used its newsroom-as-set trend at its purpose-built studios during the Tony Parsons era, was the main inspiration for CNN's first studio set and its newsroom-as-set trend.

Using the Tony Parsons-era BCTV (CHAN-TV) newsroom-as-set trend for CNN, Turner Broadcasting System took over a country club at Techwood Drive in Atlanta called the Progressive Club.

Established in 1913, the Progressive Club is a red brick structure with white columns; its ballroom was renovated to become the first newsroom-as-set trend for CNN.

Carl "Bunky" Helfrich, a friend of Ted Turner, adapted the BCTV newsroom studio elements for CNN.

By 1985, years after its June 1, 1980 launch, CNN had outgrown its original Techwood Drive hub, and Ted Turner acquired the Omni International complex in downtown Atlanta from Tom Cousins.

With Ted Turner acquiring this Omni complex, CNN incorporated its BCTV-inspired newsroom-as-set aesthetic established at its original hub.

Not until the late-1980's did CNN officially move to the Omni complex, which became CNN Centre.

Eleven years after its official move to this former Omni complex, in October 1998, CNN renovated its studio set, maintaining its newsroom-as-set aesthetic.

Rene Lagler supervised the scenic design for the renovated CNN newsroom studio, which lasted from October 1998 until May 2010, and Robert Dickinson did its lighting construction.

From its launch in the early-1980's (which came 19 months after the original CNN started), to February 2005, CNN Headline News used a multi-monitor control room-like set.

In 1993, CNN Headline News introduced its constant SportsTicker, and 6 years later, in the late-1990's, CNN Headline News introduced a newsroom-as-set trend to facilitate four watches.

On August 6, 2001, a revamp for CNN Headline News came with an internet-inspired presentation.

By turning the Omni complex into CNN Centre, Ted Turner revived Atlanta's ailing downtown core.

The newsroom-as-set trend was pioneered by Today (NBC) under Dave Garroway (who was a former radio disc jockey in Chicago, where WBBM-TV also pioneered this trend on a regular basis).

Later, the newsroom-as-set trend was popularized, refined and cemented by ABC News (under Roone Arledge) and CNN.

In turn, the newsroom-as-set trend for CNN during its first 30 years was based on BCTV.

Before ABC News (under Roone Arledge) and CNN, network newscasts featured a solo anchor being seated at the news desk; sets were isolated, with a logo or simple backdrop behind the host.

With ABC News (under Roone Arledge) and CNN, the busy newsroom was a solver to this format.

In South Florida, WSVN has two news studio sets, both built a few months before its 1989 switch: one with a control room backdrop, the other featuring the newsroom.

But in the mid-1990's, WSVN began building the Newsplex project, bringing two sets together.

Having taken cues from the newsroom studio used by CNN, based on BCTV, the WSVN Newsplex is characterized by its fast-paced approach, bold graphics, techno music and on-screen visuals.

Upon its relocation to 299, CityPulse changed its format to a deskless open working newsroom.

This desk-less CityPulse newsroom was based on the open-plan area for Today (NBC) from the RCA Exhibition Hall, in turn, the basis for CHUM-City's entire 299 Queen Street West headquarters.

Meanwhile, having completed the March 2013 move of its news operations from Television Centre to Broadcasting House, the BBC began using a newsroom-as-set trend.

The newsroom studio is not new for BBC News, however, as it was already used from the late-1980's period until 1993 physically for the Nine O'Clock News.

Virtually, the newsroom backdrop was used for the domestic BBC News programs for four years since 1972, and again from the late-1990's to 2013.

During its initial years, ITN was based at Television House at Kingsway in London, which also housed Associated-Rediffusion's administrative headquarters and transmission facilities.

In 1969, ITN relocated to its new headquarters at 48 Wells Street in London's West End.

As for Associated-Rediffusion's successor Thames, it moved to its purpose-built studios and offices at Euston Road.

Upon its move to its new hub at 200 Grays Inn Road designed by Norman Foster, ITN used a working newsroom for its newscasts on ITV until the mid-1990's.

Whereas some news programs from ITN emanated from 200 Grays Inn Road, others like News at Ten (ITV) still emanated from ITN House, based at 48 Wells Street, for a period after its move.

For Australia's three commercial television services, their news operations have enclosed and isolated studio sets comprising of a world map backdrop with a blue hue until the late-1990's.

In late-1985, National Nine News in Melbourne/Victoria broke from tradition with the newsroom-as-set trend, the first of its kind in Australia.

Similar to the newsroom-as-set trend that ABC World News Tonight used during its initial years in New York as its main hub, this trend for National Nine News in Melbourne/Victoria lasted until 1993.

National Nine News in Brisbane/Queensland began using the newsroom set in the late-1980's.

In 1996, a revamped studio set for National Nine News in Brisbane/Queensland was first used, being similar to the Dan Rather-era CBS Evening News studio designed by BDI, also since 1996.

With the relocation to its new headquarters in Pyrmont in 1997, Ten News in Sydney/New South Wales began using the newsroom-as-set trend.

The newsroom studio is not new for Ten News in Sydney/New South Wales, however, as it was already utilized in the late-1980's as the last one from North Ryde.

During Brisbane's World Expo, Ten News in Brisbane/Queensland used the newsroom-as-set trend.

From the mid-noughties to the mid-2020's, Seven News in Sydney/New South Wales used a street-side studio at Martin Place, based on Studio 1A in Rockefeller Plaza used by Today (NBC).

Televisa began using the newsroom-as-set trend designed by BDI in the mid-noughties.

However, the newsroom-as-set trend was not new for Televisa, as it was already used shortly after the April 1997 death of Emilio Azcarraga Milmo until 1998 for 24 Horas with Jacobo Zabludovsky.

Plus, Televisa's local stations, like XEWT and XHBC, use the newsroom-as-set trend.

Rival TV Azteca used the newsroom-as-set trend for some Hechos editions from the late-1990's to the noughties.

ECO, which is television's first all-news service in both Latin America and the Hispanic world, used a control room set similar to CNN Headline News.

Meanwhile, the Portuguese-language answer to Mexico's Televisa, run by Silvio Santos, pioneered the working newsroom-as-set trend through its newscast by Boris Casoy in the late-1980's.

For the newsroom studio set used by the Portuguese-language answer to Televisa, which Silvio Santos owned, it was based on ABC News' Washington hub, with the Walter Cronkite-era news desk.

Earlier on, the national television service, owned by Jewish businessman Adolpho Bloch, pioneered the futuristic space-age control room-like news set, based on one for NBC's NewsCentre brand.

The national television service from Adolpho Bloch broke from tradition by using the newsroom-as-set aesthetic, the first of its kind in the Portuguese-language world.

Oscar Neimayer's modern structure served as the testing ground for the newsroom-as-set trend, which Adolpho Bloch's own television network used.

Incidentally, the two national television networks arose from the first television network in both South America and the Potuguese-speaking world.

During its first 12 years, from 1990 to 2002, 24 Horas (TVN) utilized a small newsroom-as-set trend.

Teletrece (UCTV) used the newsroom-as-set trend from the 1990's to the noughties.

However, the newsroom-as-set trend was not new for Teletrece (UCTV), as it was already used for its secondary editions (afternoons/late-nights) during the 1980's.

QAP broke from tradition by using the newsroom-as-set trend, the first of its kind in Colombia.

Based upon the newsroom-as-set trend for CNN, in turn, inspired by BCTV, the newsroom-as-set trend made for QAP conveyed urgency and transparency that other newscasts in Colombia have not.

Since QAP, the newsroom-as-set trend has usually been used by privately-owned television channels in Colombia, like RCN, Caracol and CityTV, the latter being based on the original Toronto version.

From the early-1990's to 2017, Uruguay's Canal 4 used the newsroom-as-set trend called the Centro Monte Carlo de Noticias, translated into English as the Monte Carlo News Centre.

The Centro Monte Carlo De Noticias was based on CNN, in turn, inspired by BCTV.

Staying in Uruguay, Teledoce used newsroom-as-set trends, including the one being based upon CNN International from the late-1990's to the mid-2010's.

TROS Aktua (formerly Aktua-TV) used a newsroom-as-set trend, which was one of the first to do so in Europe, upon its debut in 1974 until 1985.

VTM used newsroom studios, including one designed by BDI from 1996 to the mid-noughties. 

Zeit Im Bild (ORF) and Tagesschau (SF DRS) have both used studio sets with the open newsroom as a backdrop during the mid-1980's, the earlier starting in 1984, the latter in 1985.

24 Ur (Pop TV) used a newsroom-as-set trend upon its debut in the mid-1990's, the first of its kind in a former Yugoslav nation

Rediffusion (Hong Kong) was a pioneering broadcaster, and used a newsroom-as-set trend, styled after American networks, the first in East Asia.

In the mid-1980's era, NHK General TV began using the newsroom-as-set trend for News Centre 9, the first of its kind in Japan, which lasted until its demise in the late-1980's.

This newsroom studio for NHK's NC9 program had a dynamic and authentic feel.

Also in the 1980's, with colour, KBS' news division began using newsroom-as-set trends.

Still in South Korea, MBC used the newsroom-as-set trend similar to the BDI-designed CBS Evening News studio, which lasted during the first half of the noughties.

ITV, which was the first television service to be operated independently on the UHF band in Thailand, adopted the newsroom-as-set trend, based on CNN, in the mid-1990's.

Prior to CNN's innovative coverage of the first Gulf War, television stations across the Arab world have used isolated and enclosed news studio sets.

Spurred by CNN's coverage of the first Gulf War, private television channels in the Arab world, such as MBC, adopted newsroom-as-set trends based on CNN.

London, which served as the primary base for MBC until 2002, was a testing ground for Western-made broadcast technology, infrastructure and expertise previously unused in the Arab world.

During its first years, Vesti on RTR/Russia-1 came from the Ostankino Technical Centre, featuring an enclosed and isolated studio set comprising of a world map backdrop.

However, during the 1993 events, the Ostankino Technical Centre suffered damage, which meant that Vesti on RTR/Russia-1 emanated from a makeshift studio with a plain backdrop.

Even after the 1993 events, and even with a new look featuring its high-end opening sequence and its different duratran, Vesti on RTR/Russia-1 still came from the Ostankino Technical Centre.

Some months after the 1993 events, Vesti on RTR/Russia-1 moved from the still-damaged Ostankino Technical Centre to a new and separate studio based at Yamskoye Pole.

At Yamskoye Pole, Vesti (Russia-1) had a newsroom-as-set trend, the first of its kind in Russia.

In joint cooperation with a Dutch-based company, the newsroom-as-set trend for Vesti (Russia-1) had demonstrated a worldwide influence on its design.

Based upon CNN, in turn, based on BCTV, this newsroom-as-set trend for Vesti (Russia-1) conveyed urgency and transparency that other newscasts in post-Soviet Russia have not.

Having started at the dawn of the nation's post-communist and democratic era, Panorama (TVP2) had utilized the newsroom-as-set trend, the first of its kind in Poland, but via chroma key.

Not long after, Wiadomosci (TVP1) used the newsroom-as-set trend on a physical level.

Earlier on, Teleexpress used a multi-monitor control room set, emphasizing its fast-paced approach.

In late-2017, VTC introduced a physical newsroom-as-set trend, the first of its kind in Vietnam.

Many Vietnamese television broadcasters, like VTV, utilize traditional news studios, either physical or virtual, but VTC distinguished itself by using a real newsroom-as-set trend.

Whether on ABC Sports, ABC News, CNN, ESPN or many other TV channels all over the world, the innovations by Roone Arledge take news and sports to a cinematic level.

Gari Communications, as well as a Nashville jingle company (with its area code) and Stephen Arnold Music, famously used a synth timpani sound in the 1990's.

Plus, Gari (along with a Nashville jingle company with its area code and Stephen Arnold Music) used samplers/synths, like those from E-mu, Roland and Kurzweil, to make orchestral news themes.

Samplers/synths give composers like Frank Gari, Randy Wachtler and Stephen Arnold a chance to mix traditional orchestral elements with modern electronic precision to create sonic news brands.

Frank Gari mixes live orchestral recordings with synthetic layers as a news music pioneer.

Randy Wachtler revolutionized news music by combining traditional brass and strings with rhythmic electronic pulsing and percussion 

Ever since the late-1920's advent of talkies, many stock music labels have used recorded music from different eras and genres.

For the corporate/industrial genre, especially in news and current affairs, stock music incorporates the sounds of technology like the teletype or Morse code.

Plus, the corporate/industrial genre in stock music uses a modern and cinematic orchestral feel, which combines grand orchestral arrangements with industrial and corporate settings in a modern age.

Stock music pieces are edited to fit broadcast needs.

Labels in the stock music scene provide various versions of tracks (e.g. 60-second, 30-second, stingers, instrumentals) to help editors integrate the music into their projects efficiently.

Common edits in stock music include trimming, lopping, reorchestration and fade-ins/fade-outs.

NFL Films is the film and television production company of the National Football League.

Initially known as Blair Motion Pictures, NFL Films has revolutionized the sports filming world.

Ed Sabol and his son Steve Sabol are the NFL Films figureheads, both of whom make this company a success story.

John Facenda is the first narrator for NFL Films until his 1984 death.

Sam Spence is the primary music composer for NFL Films from 1966 to 1990, having crafted his epic Hollywood-like music scores.

Together, Ed Sabol, Steve Sabol, John Facenda and Sam Spence create the NFL Films hallmarks.

Munich, Germany is the adopted base for Sam Spence and his music work with NFL Films.

Just before NFL Films, marching band music was often featured in many sports films, but under Sam Spence's influence, NFL Films uses cinematic Hollywood-like orchestral music in them.

In his NFL Films music work, Sam Spence's influence derives from many world-famous Hollywood music composers, like Miklos Rozsa and Dimitri Tiomkin.

Having been the music director for NFL Films from the late-1960's to 1984, Phillip Spieller selected music for (and mixed) many sports films during his career.

Phillip Spieller made up a process in which he blended music cues composed by NFL Films' in-house composers, like Sam Spence, with prerecorded tracks from stock music labels.

This process by Phillip Spieller gave NFL Films its cinematic Hollywood-like orchestral sound.

Noted NFL Films innovations include slow-motion shots, edited montages, close-ups and game sound synchronization, plus many others, all set to dramatic orchestral music.

Andy Mark had been a co-founder of the PMA since its inception in 1997; his legacy has persisted and grown through the eponymous awards: the Mark Awards.

Some other PMA founders, besides Andy Mark, include Michael Dowdle, Dain Blair, Randy Wachtler, Ron Mendelsohn, Norman Chesky, Joseph Saba and Ivy Tombak.